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Explorando Contratos Basados en el Valor: Acuerdos Públicos Destacados en Canadá, Dinamarca y Brasil


En este blog, seleccionamos acuerdos específicos en Canadá, Dinamarca y Brasil. Cada uno de estos acuerdos varía, y los elegimos para que pueda ver cómo los fabricantes abordan el acceso al mercado para diferentes medicamentos y regiones. Los contratos basados en el valor en estos mercados aceleran el acceso de los pacientes mientras comparten el riesgo financiero entre la industria farmacéutica y los pagadores, una situación en la que todos ganan.

Trikafta (Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor, Vertex Pharmaceuticals)

  • Indicación: Fibrosis quística
  • País: Canadá
  • Tipo de acuerdo: Cobertura con desarrollo de evidencia (CED), cobertura restringida, garantía basada en resultados.
  • Fecha: Julio 2022

La Agencia Canadiense de Medicamentos y Tecnologías en Salud requiere una reducción del 94% en el precio de Trikafta para que el tratamiento sea rentable. Los niños con fibrosis quística de entre 2 y 5 años son evaluados después de 1 año, para demostrar que se benefician del tratamiento. Los pacientes deben cumplir con una serie de criterios para ser elegibles para el tratamiento, lo que convierte al acuerdo en una combinación de cobertura con desarrollo de evidencia, cobertura restringida y basada en resultados.

Trikafta ya había sido aprobado para su uso en niños mayores de 6 años, pero realizar un ensayo clínico en niños de entre dos y cinco años se consideró “éticamente desafiante”. Sin embargo, un ensayo no controlado en este grupo de edad encontró que el tratamiento fue bien tolerado y redujo los biomarcadores de la condición. Para abordar las necesidades no satisfechas, reconociendo la falta de datos en esta población de pacientes, se negoció un contrato de CED con una reducción drástica en el precio.

Orkambi (lumacaftor/ivacaftor, Vertex Pharmaceuticals)

  • Indicación: Fibrosis quística
  • País: Brasil
  • Tipo de acuerdo: Cobertura restringida, CED
  • Fecha: Abril 2024

El Ministerio de Salud de Brasil llegó a un acuerdo con Vertex para permitir el acceso restringido a este tratamiento, mientras monitorea regularmente a los pacientes a los 30 días y a los 3 meses después de iniciar el tratamiento. El acuerdo incluye reembolsos si el tratamiento no logra los resultados clínicos deseados, alineando los precios con la efectividad.

Kalydeco (ivacaftor, Vertex Pharmaceuticals)

  • Indicación: Fibrosis quística
  • País: Dinamarca
  • Tipo de acuerdo: Acuerdo de precio-volumen; precios de cartera
  • Fecha: Octubre 2018

El organismo de adquisición danés, Amgros, y Vertex Pharmaceuticals llegaron a un acuerdo que proporciona acceso a una cartera de medicamentos para la fibrosis quística, incluyendo Orkambi (lumacaftor/ivacaftor) y futuras terapias, en 2019. A pesar de que esto ocurrió hace cinco años, es un excelente ejemplo de precios basados en cartera, donde los pagadores acuerdan pagar una tarifa fija por un grupo de medicamentos relacionados. Cuantos más pacientes los utilicen, menor será el precio por paciente.

Lynparza (Olaparib, AstraZeneca)

  • Indicación: Cáncer de ovario
  • País: Brasil
  • Tipo de acuerdo: Cobertura restringida, garantía basada en resultados
  • Fecha: Mayo 2022

Este acuerdo se realizó entre AstraZeneca y aseguradoras privadas en todo Brasil. El tratamiento se pone a disposición sin costos adicionales para el paciente y combina características de cobertura restringida con garantías de resultados. La cobertura continua depende de lograr una respuesta parcial o completa.

Zolgensma (onasemnogene abeparvovec, Novartis)

  • Indicación: Atrofia muscular espinal (AME)
  • País: Brasil
  • Tipo de acuerdo: Garantía de resultados, CED, pagos a plazos
  • Fecha: Diciembre, 2022

La terapia génica de Novartis, Zolgensma, se reembolsa en función de la necesidad de evidencia adicional, conocida como cobertura con desarrollo de evidencia. Esto implica usar la cobertura como un medio para obtener evidencia del mundo real, para compensar la falta de datos robustos de pacientes provenientes del ensayo clave. El acuerdo también divide el riesgo entre los pagadores y los fabricantes, al vincular el reembolso con los resultados obtenidos. Debido al gran potencial de la terapia para mejorar la calidad de vida de los niños con AME, el acuerdo permite que los pacientes elegibles comiencen a recibir el tratamiento rápidamente.

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